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a host family as a ___________________ measure before renting their own houses. 9. In many developed countries, what used to be considered as ___________________ goods are now regarded as necessities. 10. Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, with a ___________________ of about 570,000 kilometres. 11. With any quotation you wish to use, make sure that the author you are quoting is an ________________ or academic authority. 12. Increasingly, major industrial companies are finding that consumers are concerned about any ________________ created by the manufacture of their products. 13. The Director reminded the middle managers that full cooperation from all workers was _________________ to the success of the company. 66 A&C Black Publishers Ltd 2007. For reference see Easier English Dictionary for Students (978 07475 6624 3). Unit Eleven 11b Choose the right word In each of the sentences below, decide which word in bold is more suitable: 1. Two of the missing children have been rescued but the fate / destiny of the other six is still unknown. 2. The process / action by which plants use sunlight to produce food is known as photosynthesis. 3. Very small bubbles / blobs of air can become trapped in liquid metal, causing it to become weak. 4. At first, students were hostile / unfriendly to the idea of being videoed during their presentations, but they soon realised that this would help them to improve their technique. 5. The government lost the election because of a whole brochure / catalogue of scandals and political errors. 6. Following the decision to pass legislation to compel / urge employers to improve safety standards at work, the number of deaths from accidents has fallen sharply. 7. Car theft / burglary remains higher in Britain than in any other European country. 8. In the past, large parts of Holland were drained / emptied of water to produce new farmland. 9. The area around the Great Pyramids is one of the most important archaeological sites / spots for the study of ancient Egypt. 10. Until recently, goods from countries such as Taiwan and Korea were often thought to be worse / inferior, and yet today these countries make many high-quality products. 11. The introduction of the fax and more recently e-mail has made it much easier to communicate / contact with other people all around the world. Don't forget to keep a record of the words and expressions that you have learnt, review your notes from time to time and try to use new vocabulary items whenever possible. 67 A&C Black Publishers Ltd 2007. For reference see Easier English Dictionary for Students (978 07475 6624 3). Unit Eleven 11c Finish the sentence Choose the best ending for each of the sentence extracts below from the list underneath: 1. According to a recent large-scale government survey& 2. Car manufacturers are keen to develop other sources of fuel& 3. An increase in the number of accidents led to a public debate& 4. Although it means that people live longer, the equipment& 5. Japan's greatest resource& 6. A group of students decided to complain because one tutor cancelled& 7. Some countries use a thirteen-month calendar& 8. Young plants will grow quickly if the soil is moist& 9. Increasingly, universities are being asked to undertake& 10. As people can now make purchases on impulse& 11. Computers make use of the binary system (0,1), unlike the decimal& 12. Although the new equipment performed well under laboratory& a. & based on the lunar cycle, rather than the more normal twelve-month system. b. & about the safety of the national railway system. c. & system (0-9) which we use in everyday life. d. & used in modern hospitals has increased the cost of health care. e. & such as solar power since oil will not last for ever. f. & with credit cards, buying habits have changed. g. & all tutorials for a week. h. & conditions, it was simply not robust enough for everyday use. i. & and warm, but not if it is too damp or cold. j. & is its people, since it has very few sources of raw materials or energy. k. & conducted in the UK, levels of reading and writing skills are still low. l. & research in order to develop new products on behalf of large companies. Don't forget to keep a record of the words and expressions that you have learnt, review your notes from time to time and try to use new vocabulary items whenever possible. 68 A&C Black Publishers Ltd 2007. For reference see Easier English Dictionary for Students (978 07475 6624 3). Unit Eleven 11d Word substitution From the list below, choose one word which could be used in place of the language shown in bold without changing the meaning of the sentence. Remember that you may need to change the form or in some cases the grammatical class of the word: bulk (n) fluid (n) fulfil (v) huge (adj) inspect (v) instance (n) novel (n) revolve (v) shrink (v) switch (v) topic (n) vital (adj) 1. In some cases, the patients did not make any improvement, but generally ___________________ the treatment was a huge success. 2. While a few students stay in university halls of residence, the majority of ___________________ students choose to rent their own accommodation at some point in their studies. 3. In the course of a marathon, a runner needs to drink water periodically in ___________________ order to make up for the liquid lost through sweating. 4. Before starting work on your dissertation, make sure that you have ___________________ discussed the subject with your supervisor. 5. Staff responsible for examining aircraft checked the plane and declared it ___________________ unsafe. 6. Some students find it very confusing when a lecturer changes from the topic under discussion to share a joke with his audience. ___________________ 7. The stories of Charles Dickens give us a very clear picture of life in Britain in the nineteenth century. ___________________ 8. Many students complained when the university failed to keep its promise to allow students 24 hour access to the computer centre. ___________________ 9. Each time the star rotates, it sends out a radio signal which we can detect on Earth, allowing us to calculate the speed of rotation. ___________________ 10. It is absolutely essential that you check your examination entries to make sure they are correct; if they are not you may not be allowed to sit your examination. ___________________
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